2019-2020 Undergraduate Catalog

May 08, 2024

2019-2020 Undergraduate Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

Course Descriptions

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English Civitae and General Education Course Abbreviations
	ENGL 305 - Advanced Topics in Rhetoric and Professional Writing 3 credits Advanced study featuring a particular aspect of rhetoric and professional and/or technical writing, such as a time period, genre, or theoretical perspective. May be repeated for credit if topic changes. Prerequisite(s): Goal 2 Corequisite(s): None WR
	ENGL 310 - The Ecological Imagination: Integrative Approaches to Literature and Environmental Science 3 credits Crosslisted With: ENSC 310 This course considers the work of artists and scientists who model integrative approaches to literature and science as the means of addressing civic and global issues. Over the course of the semester we will investigate how scientific data are used as part of personal storytelling. We will consider how fictional personae have been used to promote scientific ideas. We will also examine how personal experience can be a vehicle for addressing environmental issues. Prerequisite(s): Completion of the FSRC Pillar and completion of the FAES Pillar Corequisite(s): None *Fulfills Civitae Core PAES WI
	ENGL 319 - Technical Writing 3 credits A study and application of writing techniques for the dissemination of scientific and technical information. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 150 Corequisite(s): None WR
	ENGL 325 - British Literature: Medieval to Renaissance 3 credits Medieval and Renaissance literature (the beginnings to 1660) with an emphasis on such major works and writers as Beowulf, Gawain and the Green Knight, Chaucer, Malory, Wyatt, Sydney, Marlowe, Spenser, Jonson, Donne, Marvell and Milton. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 209 or by permission of the department chair Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 326 - British Literature: Restoration to Romanticism 3 credits Restoration, Enlightenment, and Romantic literature (1660 to 1832), with an emphasis on such major authors as Dryden, Behn, Swift, Pope, Defoe, Richardson, Fielding, Johnson, Wollstonecraft, Blake, Wordsworth, Charlotte Smith, Coleridge, Byron, Percy and Mary Shelley, Keats, and Austen. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 209 or by permission of the department chair Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 327 - British Literature: Victorian to Contemporary 3 credits Victorian, modern, and postmodern literature (1832 to the present), with an emphasis on such major authors as Dickens, Tennyson, Browning, George Eliot, Wilde, Shaw, Hardy, Conrad, Yeats, Woolf, Joyce, Lawrence, T. S. Eliot, Beckett, Stevie Smith, Heaney, Barnes, and Rushdie. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 209 or by permission of the department chair Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 335 - American Literature: Contact to Romanticism 3 credits The literature of contact and of the colonial, early republic, and antebellum periods, with an emphasis on major authors such as Smith, Mather, Bradstreet, Franklin, Emerson, Hawthorne, Melville, Poe, Douglass, Whitman, and Dickinson. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 209 or by permission of the department chair Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 336 - American Literature: Realism to Contemporary 3 credits Realism, naturalism, modern, and postmodern literature (1865 to the present), with an emphasis on major authors such as Twain, James, Dreiser, Crane, Chopin, Chesnutt, Wharton, Eliot, Frost, Cather, Hemingway, Hughes, Faulkner, Wright, Rich, Morrison, O’Neill, Wilson, Albee, Cisneros, and Harjo. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 209 or by permission of the department chair Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 350 - Linguistics and Language Learning 3 credits An introduction to the study of language with an emphasis on language as a human system, including language acquisition, the cognitive and social significance of language, language change and variation, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, discourse analysis, historical linguistics, and psycholinguistics. Prerequisite(s): None Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 351 - Philosophy and Literature 3 credits Crosslisted With: PHIL 351 Literature and philosophy are both means by which people attempt to assign meaning, shape, and value to human life and experience. This course will apply philosophical methods and questions to the interpretation of specific literary texts and will explore the possibility that literary narrative also possesses its own contribution to make to philosophical reasoning. Prerequisite(s): Completion of FHBS and FAES Pillars Corequisite(s): None *Fulfills Civitae Core PAES WI
	ENGL 356 - The Art of Film I 3 credits Introduction to theory and techniques of the motion picture through screenings of classic and contemporary feature films. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 150 Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 357 - The Art of Film II 3 credits A study of major directors or film genres. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 150 Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 358 - Women and Film 3 credits A study of women directors and the history and conventions of portraying women in film. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 150 Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 360 - Genre Studies 3 credits Study of literature in the context of a genre such as, but not limited to, the following: Humor, Mythology, Folk Literature, Detective Fiction, Science Fiction, Lyric Poetry, The Sonnet, Narrative Non-Fiction. May be repeated for credit when the topic changes. Prerequisite(s): None Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 361 - Literature of Places and Spaces 3 credits Study of literature that is shaped by its setting or place of origin. Could include, but not limited to, the literature of Ireland, West Africa, the American West. May be repeated for credit when the topic changes. Prerequisite(s): None Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 362 - Literature of Diversity 3 credits Study of a literature that has been historically marginalized or underrepresented, such as ethnic literature, queer studies, postcolonial literature, or women’s literature. May be repeated for credit when the topic changes. May be repeated for credit when the topic changes. Prerequisite(s) or corequisite(s): ENGL 165 Prerequisite(s): None Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 365 - Shakespeare 3 credits An introductory study of Shakespeare’s works. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 209 , THEA 230 , or by permission of the department chair. For theatre majors THEA 230 is a prerequisite Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 372 - American Masculinities 3 credits This course investigates how scholars, writers, and filmmakers have depicted the idea of “masculinity” in America and what their depictions mean for contemporary men. It will explore historical, social, and psychological models for masculinity and use those models to interpret popular and literary texts. Prerequisite(s): Completion of FHCI Pillar Corequisite(s): None *Fulfills Civitae Core PHCI SI
	ENGL 373 - Transformations of Medieval Literature 3 credits The medieval period continues to be misidentified both as a primitive ‘dark age’ and as an idealized utopian golden age of racial and religious homogeny. Popular culture creates an impression of the Middle Ages as violent and lawless, racist and misogynistic. This course seeks to dispel those misconceptions through integrative analysis of literary and historical works, in conjunction with modern media, popular culture, and current political issues. By focusing on the original historical context of a selection of medieval texts set against the interpretation presented to modern audiences in novels, comics, short stories and film, this course takes an in-depth look at the way in which the medieval world has been reconfigured for modern readers and viewers-new “medievalisms”-and how those interpretations are shaped by civic and global issues like race, gender, sexuality, and social justice. Prerequisite(s): Completion of FHCI Pillar Corequisite(s): None *Fulfills Civitae Core PHCI WI
	ENGL 376 - Culture & Story: A Cultural Approach to Writing 3 credits A workshop in writing fiction, framed through the fundamental cross-cultural understanding of Cultural Anthropology. Prerequisite(s): Completion of FAES Pillar Corequisite(s): None *Fulfills Civitae Core PAES AA
	ENGL 378 - Law, Literature, and Difference: Racism & US Law 3 credits This course explores how American law works in concert with custom to attempt to encode definitions of race into U.S. society. We will attempt to understand how conceptual categories like “citizen” and “the Human” are cut by race as it is crafted through court decisions, written laws, and material enforcement. Students can expect to read widely and deeply across disciplines including law, history, and literary theory in order to grapple with the problems and implications of the legal history of race. Prerequisite(s): Completion of FHCI Pillar Corequisite(s): None *Fulfills Civitae Core PHCI WI
	ENGL 379 - Representing Nonhumans 3 credits This course will focus on literary and cultural texts that use nonhuman entities and configurations to explore questions of science, ethics, morality, and identity. In specific, we will look at how writers reconfigure the human through depictions of the animal, technology and the cyborg, the superhero, and the monster/alien (or some combination of these areas). Prerequisite(s): Completion of FAES Pillar Corequisite(s): None *Fulfills Civitae Core PAES SI
	ENGL 380 - Children’s Literature 3 credits A survey of poetry, prose, and other media appropriate for elementary students. Primarily for those preparing for careers in elementary education and library science. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 165 Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 381 - Literature for Young Adults 3 credits A survey of young adult literature from 1967 to the present. Selection and evaluation of books, poetry, short stories, and other media. Instruction in and practice with response theory using written assignments and oral presentations. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 165 Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 382 - Grammar: Theory and Practice 3 credits A study of the various aspects of English grammar for elementary, middle, and secondary level pedagogical purposes. Includes two mutually informed focuses: (1) the descriptive review of the fundamentals of English grammar and (2) the discussion of the theoretical and pedagogical issues and best practices related to the teaching of English grammar. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 165 or Goal 2 Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 383 - History of Literature for Young Readers 3 credits An introduction to British and American literature for children, from its roots in the oral tradition and medieval literature through contemporary works. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 380 Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 384 - Diversity in Literature for Young Readers 3 credits This course provides opportunities for investigating children’s literature that is representative of a variety of ethnic and religious groups. We will discuss major issues of multiculturalism, the history of multicultural children’s books, stereotyping, authenticity of perspective, as well as criteria for selecting and evaluating these books. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 380 Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 390 - Directed Study or Independent Study 1-18 credits. Must be approved by the head of the department. May be repeated as 391. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None.
	ENGL 395 - Special Topics 1-3 credits Selected topics in English. The topics will vary from semester to semester. Descriptions will be available from academic advisors. May be repeated for credit when topics change. Prerequisite(s): None Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 400 - Active Citizenship: An Advanced Writing Seminar 3 credits. Develops rhetorical skills needed for citizenship in a democracy. Includes interdisciplinary inquiry into and analysis of at least one significant public issue across all sections. Prerequisite(s): Fulfillment of General Education Goals 2 and 3; 75 credit hours or permission of the Chair of the General Education Committee. Corequisite(s): None. *Fulfills General Education Goal 13.
	ENGL 411 - Epic 3 credits Study in the tradition and qualities of the epic as a unique genre with emphasis on one or more forms or a period in which the genre flourishes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP.
	ENGL 412 - Poetry 3 credits Study in the tradition and qualities of poetry as a unique genre with emphasis on one or more specific forms or a period in which the genre flourishes. May be repeated for credit when topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP.
	ENGL 413 - The Novel 3 credits Study in the tradition and qualities of the novel as a unique genre with emphasis on one or more forms or a period in which the genre flourishes. May be repeated for credit when topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP.
	ENGL 414 - Short Story 3 credits Study in the tradition and qualities of the short story as a unique genre with emphasis on one or more forms or a period in which the genre flourishes. May be repeated for credit when topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 415 - Drama 3 credits Study in the tradition and qualities of drama as a unique genre with emphasis on one or more forms or a period in which the genre flourishes. May be repeated for credit when topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 416 - The Bible as Literature 3 credits This course will both study the Bible as a work of literature and glance at its appropriation in later literary works. Students will examine the Bible itself primarily through the lens of the principal genres of biblical literature: wisdom writings, liturgical poetry, theological history, prophecy, gospel, epistle, and apocalypse. Students will also look at how the Bible is treated in later literature as both a generally accepted source of literary authority and a contested site of interpretive debate. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 417 - Nonfiction 3 credits Study in the tradition and qualities of nonfiction as a unique genre with emphasis on one or more forms or a period in which the genre flourishes. May be repeated for credit when topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 421 - Major Figures in Fiction 3 credits Extended study in the work of from one to three major English or American writers. May be repeated for credit when topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 422 - Major Figures in Fiction 3 credits Extended study in the work of from one to three major English or American writers. May be repeated for credit when topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 423 - Major Figures in Poetry 3 credits Extended study in the work of from one to three major English or American writers. May be repeated for credit when topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 424 - Major Figures in Poetry 3 credits Extended study in the work of from one to three major English or American writers. May be repeated for credit when topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 425 - Studies in Shakespeare 3 credits Extended study of specific themes and topics in Shakespeare’s works. Topics may include, but will not be limited to studies of a specific genre (comedy, tragedy, history), studies of Shakespeare’s Roman plays or history plays, or studies in Shakespearean stage on film history. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 426 - Major Figures in Drama 3 credits Extended study in the work of from one to three major English or American dramatists. May be repeated for credit when the topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 427 - Major Figures in Drama 3 credits Extended study in the work of from one to three major English or American dramatists. May be repeated for credit when the topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 431 - Arthurian Literature 3 credits Comparative study of Arthurian material of various countries from the medieval through the modern periods. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 432 - Women and Literature 3 credits Comparative study of the tradition of literature by and about women. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor. Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 438 - Studies in World Literature 3 credits This course engages students in the advanced study of the literature of a specific author, country, or region exclusive of England and the United States. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 440 - Studies in Literary History 3 credits This course engages students in advanced study of a specific literary period or movement. May be repeated for credit when topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 441 - Ethnic Literature 3 credits Comparative study of the literary tradition of an ethnic group such as Afro-American, Jewish, Chicano, or Native American peoples. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 442 - Regional Literature 3 credits Comparative study of the literary tradition of a region, such as the American South, or Ireland. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 443 - Postcolonial Literature 3 credits Study of literature written in English from countries during and after colonial contact with Britain, excluding the United States. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 444 - Literature and Culture 3 credits Extended study of British or American literature and culture at a particular point in time or of a literary theme over time. Emphasis on the relationship of literature to its cultural context, including politics, social organization, art, and music. May be repeated for credit when topic changes. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 445 - Studies in Children’s Literature 3 credits Advanced study featuring a particular aspect of Children’s Literature, such as a time period, a genre, or a theoretical perspective. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 446 - Studies in Young Adult Literature 3 credits Advanced study of literature featuring a particular aspect of young adult literature, such as a time period, a genre, or a theoretical perspective. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 461 - Literary Criticism: Senior Seminar 3 credits Study of the history and aims of literary criticism from Plato and Aristotle to the present, including oral and written criticism of literary works. Capstone course for English majors. Enrollment limited to seniors and those with permission of instructor. Prerequisite(s): One 300-level course in a literary period, or permission of the instructor Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 470 - Professional Writing Skills 3 credits Intensive reading and writing workshop focused on developing professional expository prose within the student’s field of endeavor. The last half of the course will be devoted to writing workshops critiquing “works” in progress of some “real world” writing project. Prerequisite(s): None Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 475 - Advanced Dramatic Writing 3 credits An advanced workshop in writing forms of drama. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 220 with a grade of C or higher Corequisite(s): None
	ENGL 476 - Advanced Fiction Writing 3 credits An advanced workshop in writing the short story. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 221 with a grade of C or higher. Corequisite(s): None.
	ENGL 477 - Advanced Poetry Writing 3 credits An advanced workshop in writing poetry. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 222 - Introduction to Writing Poetry with a grade of C or higher. Corequisite(s): None.
	ENGL 478 - Advanced Creative Non-Fiction Writing 3 credits An advanced workshop in writing various forms of creative non-fiction. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 223 with a grade of C or higher. Corequisite(s): None.
	ENGL 479 - Writing: Theory and Practice for the Middle and Secondary Classroom 3 credits A study of theories and strategies for improving writing. Includes a discussion of analyzing subject matter, determining purpose and audience, drafting, revising, editing (including using correct mechanics), and evaluating the elements of effective writing instruction at the middle and secondary levels. This course will also contain a field-based component in a classroom setting when students will examine current pedagogical practices in the teaching of writing. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 350 and ENGL 382 Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 480 - The Teaching of English 3 credits. Prospective English teachers will examine and demonstrate the principles of content planning, effective methods for teaching content that reflect best practices, and the alignment of curriculum and assessment.. Offered in fall semesters only. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None. WR SP.
	ENGL 482 - Directed Teaching in the Secondary Classroom 12 credits. Each student is assigned to work with a qualified cooperating teacher in a selected off-campus school setting. The student teacher goes to the school setting and follows the schedule of the cooperating teacher(s) for a thirteen-week period. Prerequisite(s): Completion of all major and professional education coursework; minimum cumulative and major GPA of 2.5; passing scores on all tests required for English 6-12 licensure in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Corequisite(s): None. SP
	ENGL 483 - Writing: Theory and Practice for the Elementary Classroom 3 credits. A study of theory and practice relating to writers at emergent, early, and developing stages. Includes discussion of the complex factors involved in literacy acquisition at the elementary level, along with exploration of effective ways to address these factors through writing instruction. Also includes extensive experience with writing: processes, strategies, and evaluation. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 382 . Corequisite(s): None. WR SP.
	ENGL 485 - Practical Issues for the Working Writer 1 credit An introduction to practical issues beginning writers face, including but not limited to manuscript preparation, researching journals and markets, preparation for and giving public readings, and imaginative ways to deal with rejection. Prerequisite(s): ENGL 220 or ENGL 221 or ENGL 222 or ENGL 223 , with a grade of C or higher. Corequisite(s): None.
	ENGL 490 - Independent Study 1-3 credits per semester. A directed reading and/or research program administered by qualified specialists in the department. One option is to do an extended research project in conjunction with a 300- or 400-level English course for an additional one-hour credit. The student must secure the director’s approval prior to registering for the course. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None. *Fulfills General Education Goal 14.
	ENGL 492 - Internship in English 1-6 credits Directed practicum in an applied setting that permits supervised experiential learning. Students perform meaningful tasks related to the discipline in professional environments, such as publishing and journalism on and off campus. The student will complete a practicum agreement established with the department chair, department adviser, and work supervisor. Prerequisite(s): None Corequisite(s): None *Fulfills General Education Goal 14
	ENGL 495 - Special Topics 1-3 credits Selected topics in English. The topics will vary from semester to semester. Descriptions will be available from academic advisors. May be repeated for credit when topics change. Prerequisite(s): None Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENGL 498 - Honors Research in English 3 credits. Students conduct research in English under the direction of a faculty member and the Senior Honors Research Committee. May be repeated as 499. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None.
Environmental Science A special fee is charged for all courses with laboratories. Civitae and General Education Course Abbreviations
	ENSC 101 - Introduction to Integrated Environmental Sciences 3 credits. This seminar-style course overviews contemporary global issues in environmental science, including species extinction, pollution, resource depletion, and waste. Students examine behavior leading to environmental degradation; consider the scientific, ethical, and economic aspects of the resulting problems; and study policies intended to provide solutions. Students learn to recognize the integration of multiple disciplines in environmental issues and the complexity involved in environmental problem solving. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None.
	ENSC 162 - Explorations in Environmental Science 4 Credits. Crosslisted With: GNED 162 This course is an introductory-level survey course designed to give students an understanding of how science and the scientific method work to address environmental problems. Students will become familiar with the Earth’s major systems, how they function, and how they are affected by human activity. Fundamental concepts addressed by this course include ecosystems, biogeochemical cycles, population growth, air, water, and soil pollution, climate change, natural resources, and waste management. Does not meet the requirements for the Integrated Sciences major. Students who are considering a major in Integrated Environmental Sciences must take ENSC 101 as the entry-level introduction to the major and will take CHEM 111 for the scientific reasoning pillar. 3 lecture one 2-hour lab periods. *Fulfills Civitae Core FSRC. WI
	ENSC 201 - Integrated Environmental Investigations 4 credits. This course introduces an interdisciplinary and investigative approach to the science underlying environmental issues and the analysis of environmental problems. Students engage in the process of science through guided inquiry, experiments, and field work, and they will practice design of experiments, analysis and presentation of quantitative data, and written and oral communication. Prerequisite(s): ENSC 101 and MATH 171 . Corequisite(s): None.
	ENSC 295 - Special Topics in Environmental Science 1-6 credits. Specialized courses on a variety of topics that may be offered periodically. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None.
	ENSC 310 - The Ecological Imagination: Integrative Approaches to Literature and Environmental Science 3 credits Crosslisted With: ENGL 310 This course considers the work of artists and scientists who model integrative approaches to literature and science as the means of addressing civic and global issues. Over the course of the semester we will investigate how scientific data are used as part of personal storytelling. We will consider how fictional personae have been used to promote scientific ideas. We will also examine how personal experience can be a vehicle for addressing environmental issues. Prerequisite(s): Completion of the FSRC and FAES Pillars Corequisite(s): None *Fulfills Civitae Core PSRC WI
	ENSC 315 - Climate Change Science, History, and Policy 3 credits Crosslisted With: GEOG 315 This course provides an interdisciplinary introduction to climate change through a combination of lectures, discussion seminars, team tasks, and hands-on data exploration. Students will learn how the climate system works; what factors cause climate to change across different time scales and how those factors interact; how climate has changed in the past; how scientists use models, observations and theory to make predictions about future climate; and the current and future consequences of climate change for our planet. The course explores evidence for changes in air and sea surface temperature, the cryosphere, ocean heat content, sea level, ocean acidity, and vegetation due to modern climate change. Students will learn how climate change today is different from past climate cycles and how satellites and other technologies are revealing the global signals of a changing climate. The course looks at the connection between human activity and the current warming trend and considers some of the potential social, economic and environmental consequences of climate change. Finally, students will examine local, regional, national, and international climate change policy and explore potential structural and non-structural mitigation and adaptation strategies. Prerequisite(s): Completion of FHCI and FSRC Pillars Corequisite(s): None *Fulfills Civitae Core PSRC WI
	ENSC 340 - Global Environmental Issues 3 credits Crosslisted With: (GEOG 340 ) This course requires students to apply the varied perspectives from the social sciences and natural sciences to gain a more integrated and multifaceted understanding of environmental issues at the global scale. It will examine the effects of globalization on the environment and economy in different parts of the world. Within the context of human population dynamics, the course will examine both physical and social sustainability issues associated with natural resource consumption and environment change. Prerequisite(s): ENSC 201 and COMM 101 , or permission of the instructor. Corequisite(s): None WR SP
	ENSC 350 - Humans: Creatures of the Coast 3 credits This course examines the major issues affecting coastal zones of the world. The range of management and governance themes used in shaping coastal behavior is explored from both an integrative and multi-disciplinary perspective. In particular, the following three issues are examined: the threat to coastal environments from a rapidly growing human population and pollution; the destruction of critical resources and vital ecosystems through unsustainable economic activities; and the difficult challenges governments face in crafting effective coastal management initiatives. The course takes a global perspective, but some emphasis will be given to coastal zones of the United States. PSRC. Prerequisite(s): Completion of FSRC and FHBS Pillars Corequisite(s): None *Fulfills Civitae Core PSRC SI
	ENSC 380 - Introduction to Environmental Law and Policy 3 credits. This course provides an introduction to concepts, issues, and statutes in national and international environmental law. In addition to reviewing background constitutional provisions, students examine a representative selection of federal statutes, including the National Environmental Policy Act, the Endangered Species Act, the Clean Water Act, the Clean Air Act, and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. The class explores the differences between “Dillon Rule” states (like Virginia) and “Home Rule” states. Students consider the expanding field of multi-nation treaties, laws, and politics governing the global environment as they relate to significant contemporary issues such as global climate change, sustainable development, biodiversity conservation, and transboundary air and water pollution. 3 lecture periods. Prerequisite(s): ENSC 101 or GNED 162 or permission of instructor
	ENSC 390 - Directed or Independent Study 1-8 credits. Must be approved by the head of the department. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None.
	ENSC 395 - Special Topics in Environmental Science 1-6 credits. Specialized courses on a variety of topics that may be offered periodically. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None.
	ENSC 401 - Environmental Planning and Management 4 credits This course utilizes a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to examine issues related to natural resource management and their impacts on the environment. Principles of land use planning are considered within a broad framework that includes topics such as urban and rural development, natural hazard mitigation, ecosystem and watershed management, edaphic and hydrologic features, forest and wildlife management, and marine and coastal planning. The course integrates knowledge from previous coursework to consider the associated social, legal, economic, and scientific aspects, as well as the applications of skills involved in environmental impact assessment, such as GIS and analytical methods. Emphasis is placed on understanding the collaborative nature of approaches, methods, and techniques for sustainability. 3 lecture periods. One 2-hour lab periods. Prerequisite(s): ENSC 340 , ENSC 380 , GEOG 275 , EASC 211 , EASC 212 , and BIOL 251 Corequisite(s): None WR
	ENSC 402 - Environmental Decision Making 3 credits In this interdisciplinary capstone experience, students develop an understanding of and identify potential solutions to current environmental problems. Through a collaborative approach to encourage synthesis and analysis from multiple perspectives, students will develop research, communication (both oral and written), and collaborative work skills. Exploration of focal problems requires the integration of knowledge and skills from students’ work in the natural and social sciences and the consideration of ethical, social justice, and economic perspectives. Further, a civic engagement component provides useful information to the community and provides students with real experience interacting with stakeholders. 3 lecture periods. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 340 /ENSC 340 , ENSC 401 , and MATH 301 Corequisite(s): None SP
	ENSC 490 - Directed or Independent Study 1-12 credits. A directed project administered by qualified specialists in the department. By permission of instructor and must be approved by the head of the department. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None. *Fulfills General Education Goal 14.
	ENSC 492 - Internship in Environmental Science 1-4 credits. A semester-long, on-the-job learning experience designed to apply the principles of environmental science. Maximum of 4 hours total for ENSC 492 and/or ENSC 496 . May be repeated. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None. *Fulfills General Education Goal 14.
	ENSC 494 - Advanced Internship in Environmental Science 1-4 credits. A semester-long, on-the-job learning experience designed to apply the principles of environmental science. May be a continuation of ENSC 492 or a new internship experience that involves advanced responsibilities and application of knowledge. May be repeated. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None.
	ENSC 495 - Special Topics in Environmental Science 1-6 credits. Specialized courses on a variety of topics that may be offered periodically. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None.
	ENSC 496 - Research in Environmental Science 1-4 credits. With the approval of a faculty member and the department chair, a student may carry out an individual research project. Maximum of 4 hours total for ENSC 492 and/or ENSC 496. May be repeated. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None. *Fulfills General Education Goal 14.
	ENSC 497 - Advanced Research in Environmental Science 1-4 credits. With the approval of a faculty member and the department chair, a student may carry out an individual research project. May be a continuation of ENSC 496 or a new research project that involves advanced application of knowledge and skills. Students are encouraged to share the findings of their research through a poster or oral presentation. May be repeated. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None.
	ENSC 498 - Honors Research in Environmental Science 3 credits. Students conduct research in environmental science under the direction of a faculty member and the Senior Honors Research Committee. May be repeated as 499. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None. *Fulfills General Education Goal 14. WR.
Finance Civitae and General Education Course Abbreviations
	FINA 150 - Economics and Personal Finance 3 credits An introductory course designed to familiarize the student with the application of mathematics and more specifically the interactions with finance and economics for the student in the role of as a consumer and/or investor. Attention will focus on the fundamental issues that will impact student’s decision-making process. The mathematics/economics emphasis will focus on applications centered around individual personal finance and economic issues. Such topics include banking, budgeting, credit, taxes, insurance, mortgages, automobile loans, annuities, and investments. Furthermore, the underlying economic issues driving these personal finance topics will be explored such as the macro and micro economic environment. Students may not take both FINA150 and FINA250 for credit. Credit will only be given for one of the two courses. Prerequisite(s): None Corequisite(s): None
	FINA 250 - Personal Finance 3 credits An introductory course designed to familiarize the student with the application of mathematics for the individual in the role of a consumer and/or investor. Special attention will be given to mathematical formulas and their application to realistic situations in economics and finance, in particular personal finance. Topics will include banking, budgeting, credit, taxes, insurance, mortgages, automobile loans, annuities, and investments such as stocks and bonds. Consideration will be given to how changes in the macro and micro economic environment affect these topics. Emphasis is on interpretation of results and the effect on decision making. Prerequisite(s): None Corequisite(s): None Fulfills Civitae Core FQRC Fulfills General Education Goal 5 WI
	FINA 295 - Special Topics 1-3 credits. Selected topics in finance. The topics may vary from semester to semester. May be repeated for credit when topics change. Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor. Corequisite(s): None.
	FINA 350 - Principles of Finance 3 credits. Principles and practices of financial management within a business firm. Examines acquisition of funds, cash flow, financial analysis, capital budgeting, working capital requirements, and capital structure. Prerequisite(s): ACCT 240 , ECON 217 , and one of the following: MANG 275, MATH 171 , MATH 271 or MATH 301 . Corequisite(s): None.
	FINA 351 - Risk Management 3 credits. An introduction to the fundamentals of risk management. General understanding of the varied applications of the principles of insurance to situations involving risk. Prerequisite(s): FINA 350 . Corequisite(s): None.
	FINA 353 - Managerial Finance 3 credits. This course focuses on corporate financial decision-making. Topics include risk assessment, capital budgeting, cost of capital, and asset pricing models. Offered fall semester only. Prerequisite(s): FINA 350 . Corequisite(s): None.
	FINA 354 - Working Capital and Treasury Function 3 credits. This course complements FINA 353 ; it concerns managing liquidity, working capital, long-term liabilities, selecting a capital structure, and obtaining long-term financing. Prerequisite(s): FINA 350 . Corequisite(s): None.
	FINA 390 - Directed or Independent Study 1-18 credits. Must be approved by the head of the department. May be repeated as 391. Prerequisite(s): None. Corequisite(s): None.
	FINA 413 - International Financial Markets 3 credits. This course will analyze the key financial markets and instruments that facilitate trade and investment activity on a global scale. The scope of this class includes two areas: first, the economics determinants of prices, price changes, and price relationships in the major financial markets; and second, the policy issues that result for private enterprises and government policymakers. Prerequisite(s): ECON 308 or FINA 350 . Corequisite(s): None.
	FINA 450 - Financial Management 3 credits. Considerations, analyses and decisions pertinent to the financial management of a business firm. The course will make extensive use of cases. Offered spring semester only. Prerequisite(s): FINA 353 . Corequisite(s): None. WR. SP.
	FINA 451 - Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management 3 credits. Characteristics and analysis of individual securities as well as the theory and practice of optimally combining securities into portfolios. The presentation of material is intended to be rigorous and practical, without being overly quantitative. Offered spring semester only. Prerequisite(s): FINA 350 . Corequisite(s): None.

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Course Descriptions

ENGL 305 - Advanced Topics in Rhetoric and Professional Writing

ENGL 310 - The Ecological Imagination: Integrative Approaches to Literature and Environmental Science

ENGL 319 - Technical Writing

ENGL 325 - British Literature: Medieval to Renaissance

ENGL 326 - British Literature: Restoration to Romanticism

ENGL 327 - British Literature: Victorian to Contemporary

ENGL 335 - American Literature: Contact to Romanticism

ENGL 336 - American Literature: Realism to Contemporary

ENGL 350 - Linguistics and Language Learning

ENGL 351 - Philosophy and Literature

ENGL 356 - The Art of Film I

ENGL 357 - The Art of Film II

ENGL 358 - Women and Film

ENGL 360 - Genre Studies

ENGL 361 - Literature of Places and Spaces

ENGL 362 - Literature of Diversity

ENGL 365 - Shakespeare

ENGL 372 - American Masculinities

ENGL 373 - Transformations of Medieval Literature

ENGL 376 - Culture & Story: A Cultural Approach to Writing

ENGL 378 - Law, Literature, and Difference: Racism & US Law

ENGL 379 - Representing Nonhumans

ENGL 380 - Children’s Literature

ENGL 381 - Literature for Young Adults

ENGL 382 - Grammar: Theory and Practice

ENGL 383 - History of Literature for Young Readers

ENGL 384 - Diversity in Literature for Young Readers

ENGL 390 - Directed Study or Independent Study

ENGL 395 - Special Topics

ENGL 400 - Active Citizenship: An Advanced Writing Seminar

ENGL 411 - Epic

ENGL 412 - Poetry

ENGL 413 - The Novel

ENGL 414 - Short Story

ENGL 415 - Drama

ENGL 416 - The Bible as Literature

ENGL 417 - Nonfiction

ENGL 421 - Major Figures in Fiction

ENGL 422 - Major Figures in Fiction

ENGL 423 - Major Figures in Poetry

ENGL 424 - Major Figures in Poetry

ENGL 425 - Studies in Shakespeare

ENGL 426 - Major Figures in Drama

ENGL 427 - Major Figures in Drama

ENGL 431 - Arthurian Literature

ENGL 432 - Women and Literature

ENGL 438 - Studies in World Literature

ENGL 440 - Studies in Literary History

ENGL 441 - Ethnic Literature

ENGL 442 - Regional Literature

ENGL 443 - Postcolonial Literature

ENGL 444 - Literature and Culture

ENGL 445 - Studies in Children’s Literature

ENGL 446 - Studies in Young Adult Literature

ENGL 461 - Literary Criticism: Senior Seminar

ENGL 470 - Professional Writing Skills

ENGL 475 - Advanced Dramatic Writing

ENGL 476 - Advanced Fiction Writing

ENGL 477 - Advanced Poetry Writing

ENGL 478 - Advanced Creative Non-Fiction Writing

ENGL 479 - Writing: Theory and Practice for the Middle and Secondary Classroom

ENGL 480 - The Teaching of English

ENGL 482 - Directed Teaching in the Secondary Classroom

ENGL 483 - Writing: Theory and Practice for the Elementary Classroom

ENGL 485 - Practical Issues for the Working Writer

ENGL 490 - Independent Study

ENGL 492 - Internship in English

ENGL 495 - Special Topics

ENGL 498 - Honors Research in English

ENSC 101 - Introduction to Integrated Environmental Sciences

ENSC 162 - Explorations in Environmental Science

ENSC 201 - Integrated Environmental Investigations

ENSC 295 - Special Topics in Environmental Science

ENSC 310 - The Ecological Imagination: Integrative Approaches to Literature and Environmental Science

ENSC 315 - Climate Change Science, History, and Policy

ENSC 340 - Global Environmental Issues

ENSC 350 - Humans: Creatures of the Coast

ENSC 380 - Introduction to Environmental Law and Policy

ENSC 390 - Directed or Independent Study