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Geography A special fee is charged for all courses with laboratories.
General Education Course *
Writing Intensive Course WR
Speaking Intensive Course SP
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GEOG 494 - Advanced Internship in Geography
1-4 credits.
A semester-long, on-the-job learning experience designed to apply the principles of geography. May be a continuation of GEOG 492 or a new internship experience that involves advanced responsibilities and application of knowledge. May be repeated.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GEOG 495 - Special Topics in Geography.
1-3 credits.
Specialized courses on a variety of topics that maybe offered periodically.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GEOG 496 - Research in Geography
1-4 credits.
With the approval of a faculty member and the department chair, a student may carry out an individual research project. May be repeated.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 14.
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GEOG 497 - Advanced Research in Geography
1-4 credits.
With the approval of a faculty member and the department chair, a student may carry out an individual research project. May be a continuation of GEOG 496 or a new research project that involves advanced application of knowledge and skills. Students are encouraged to share the findings of their research through a poster or oral presentation. May be repeated.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GEOG 498 - Honors Research in Geography
3 credits.
Students conduct research in geography under the direction of a faculty member and the Senior Honors Research Committee. May be repeated as 499.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
WR.
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German General Education Course *
Writing Intensive Course WR
Speaking Intensive Course SP
NOTE:GERM 111 - GERM 212 constitute a sequence of courses. A student who has successfully completed a course in the sequence may not subsequently receive credit for any course that comes earlier in the sequence. A student who has successfully completed a course numbered 300 or higher may not take a 100 or 200 level course for credit. Students who have successfully completed more than two years of high school German may not take GERM 111 for credit.
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GERM 101 - Elementary I
4 credits.
Development of basic oral expression, listening and reading comprehension, and writing.
Prerequisite(s): No previous formal instruction in German, or a limited amount of previous formal instruction in German. Followed by GERM 102 . Three classes, one practical reinforcement session, and language lab work.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GERM 102 - Elementary II
4 credits.
The skills of speaking, listening and reading comprehension, and writing are further developed.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 101 or one or two years of previous formal instruction in German or an appropriate placement test score. Followed by GERM 201 . Three classes, one practical reinforcement session, and language lab work.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GERM 201 - Intermediate I
3 credits.
A course designed to help students develop skills in speaking, listening comprehension, reading, and writing in German, and apply these skills in a context that recognizes and explores the particularities of German culture.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 102 or an appropriate placement test score. Followed by GERM 202 .
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 10.
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GERM 202 - Intermediate II
3 credits.
Students will continue to develop the skills of listening, reading, speaking and writing at a higher level, integrating a wide variety of topics and materials from the target culture.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 201 or an appropriate placement test score. Successful completion of this course satisfies the foreign language requirement for the B.A. degree and is prerequisite for upper-level courses.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GERM 210 - Principles of PK-12 Foreign Language Education
1 credit.
Principles and methods of curriculum development, instruction, and assessment in the PK-12 foreign language classroom with an emphasis on the National Standards and the Virginia Foreign Language SOLs. Required of all MOLA majors with a PK-12 education concentration. Students are encouraged to take this course in their first year at Longwood, or as soon as possible.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GERM 295 - Special Topics
1-3 credits.
Selected topics in German. The topics will vary from semester to semester. Descriptions will be available from academic advisors. Does not satisfy requirement for B.A. degree. May be repeated for credit when topics change.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 202 .
Corequisite(s): None.
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GERM 311 - German Studies Abroad
3-16 credits per semester.
Primarily intended for transfer of credit earned abroad in courses on German language, civilization, or culture.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GERM 312 - German Studies Abroad
3-16 credits per semester.
Primarily intended for transfer of credit earned abroad in courses on German language, civilization, or culture.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GERM 315 - German for Business
3 credits.
A study of vocabulary, concepts and cultural topics related to basic business interactions in German countries for advanced-intermediate and advanced-level students. Participants receive oral and written situational practice necessary for successful integration into today’s German-speaking business world.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 202 or equivalent.
Corequisite(s): None.
SP.
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GERM 320 - Advanced German
3 credits.
Development of increased proficiency in all linguistic skills and a more extensive acquaintance with German culture. This course will prepare students for more advanced culture and literature courses, but will also prepare students to use German to communicate effectively and to function in a foreign community.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 202 or appropriate placement test score. Successful completion of this course is recommended before students take upper-level courses.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GERM 330 - Civilization and Culture
3 credits.
A study of German civilization and culture with emphasis on social institutions of the current century.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 202 .
Corequisite(s): None.
SP.
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GERM 341 - Survey of German Literature I: The Age of Goethe
3 credits.
A study of representative works and literary movements in German literature from the Enlightenment through Romanticism. Students will learn to use the methods and language of literary analysis.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 202 or equivalent.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 3.
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GERM 342 - Survey of German Literature II: Realism to the Present
3 credits.
A survey of 19th and 20th century German literature from Realism to the present with emphasis on dramatic and prose forms. Students will learn to use the methods and language of literary analysis.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 202 or equivalent.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 3.
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GERM 390 - Directed or Independent Study
1-18 credits.
Must be approved by the head of the department. May be repeated as 391.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GERM 400 - Approaches to Teaching German
3 credits.
A study of theories of second language acquisition and their application to the teaching of languages in a communicative, interactive approach at the primary, middle, and secondary levels. Attention will be given to the teaching and testing of listening, reading, writing, speaking, and cultural understanding. Students will develop lesson plans, engage in peer-teaching, and integrate technology into teaching. Students should take this course in the semester prior to student teaching.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GERM 401 - Advanced Grammar and Composition
3 credits.
Syntax and grammar through written work in common, practical contexts.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 202 or equivalent.
Corequisite(s): None.
WR.
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GERM 402 - Advanced Conversation and Phonetics
3 credits.
Theory and practice in the spoken language. Current techniques and their uses in attaining mastery of oral German.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 202 or equivalent.
Corequisite(s): None.
SP.
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GERM 411 - Studies in Literary Genre
3 credits.
Study of a particular genre in German literature, such as the Novelle, lyric poetry, the German novel, modern drama, short story.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 341 and GERM 342 .
Corequisite(s): None.
WR.
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GERM 412 - Studies in Literary Genre
3 credits.
Study of a particular genre in German literature, such as the Novelle, lyric poetry, the German novel, modern drama, short story.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 341 and GERM 342 .
Corequisite(s): None.
WR.
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GERM 413 - German Literary Movements
3 credits.
Study of a particular movement or period in German literature, such as Romanticism, the Age of Goethe, Sturm und Drang, Realism, Naturalism.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 341 and GERM 342 .
Corequisite(s): None.
WR.
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GERM 414 - German Literary Movements
3 credits.
Study of a particular movement or period in German literature, such as Romanticism, the Age of Goethe, Sturm und Drang, Realism, Naturalism.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 341 and GERM 342 .
Corequisite(s): None.
WR.
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GERM 415 - Major German Authors
3 credits.
Study of a particular German author such as Goethe, Schiller, Kleist, Kafka, Thomas Mann.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 341 and GERM 342 .
Corequisite(s): None.
WR.
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GERM 416 - Major German Authors
3 credits.
Study of a particular German author such as Goethe, Schiller, Kleist, Kafka, Thomas Mann.
Prerequisite(s): GERM 341 and GERM 342 .
Corequisite(s): None.
WR.
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GERM 461 - Senior Seminar: Literature in Cultural/Historical Context
2 credits.
A seminar for senior modern language majors concentrating in German designed to integrate knowledge of German history and culture as a background for literary analysis. Must be taken concurrently with GERM 490 (1 credit).
Prerequisite(s): GERM 341 and GERM 342 .
Corequisite(s): None.
WR
SP.
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GERM 482 - Directed Teaching in the Secondary German Classroom
12 credits.
Required of all students seeking PK-12 Teaching Licensure in German. Each student is assigned to work with qualified cooperating teachers in selected school settings off campus. Settings will be chosen among elementary, middle and secondary levels. The student teacher follows the schedule of the cooperating teacher and will take over all duties under the supervision of the cooperating teacher. The schedule involves a minimum teaching day of five to six hours for five days each week (300 hours total).
Prerequisite(s): completion of the Modern Languages major (German concentration), the Study Abroad requirement, and a minimum cumulative and major GPA of 2.50.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 14.
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GERM 490 - Directed Study
6 credits maximum.
Individualized study; recommended only when material cannot be covered in scheduled courses. By permission of department head.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 14.
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GERM 492 - Internship in German
1-16 credits.
Directed practicum in an applied setting that permits experiential learning. Students learn through performance in meaningful tasks in a variety of professional environments, such as foreign trade missions, government agencies, or the travel industry. It is intended for seniors not seeking teacher certification.
Prerequisite(s): Permission of the instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 14.
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GERM 495 - Special Topics
1-3 credits.
Selected topics in German. The topics will vary from semester to semester. Descriptions will be available from academic advisors. May be repeated for credit when topics change.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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GERM 498 - Honors Research in German
3 credits.
Students conduct research in German under the direction of a faculty member and the Senior Honors Research Committee. May be repeated as 499.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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General Education General Education Courses *
Writing Intensive Courses WR
Speaking Intensive Courses SP
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GNED 162 - Introduction to Environmental Science
4 credits.
An interdisciplinary science course designed to introduce students to scientific study focused on the environment. Fundamental concepts addressed by this course include ecosystems, plate tectonics, nutrient and water cycles, energy flow, and climate. This course emphasizes the interrelationships of physical and biological components, the importance of the environment as a resource across cultures, and current challenges to understanding and maintaining our environment. Not open to Integrated Environmental Sciences Majors. Does not meet the requirements for the Integrated Environmental Sciences Major.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 6.
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GNED 261 - Exploring Science in Our World
4 credits.
An interdisciplinary science course designed to involve students in learning science concepts related to world problems and studying issues important to our local community.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 6.
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GNED 400 - Exploring Public Issues through Writing
3 credits.
This course engages students in the critical analysis of a contemporary issue relevant to democratic citizenship. Students will develop interdisciplinary inquiry and writing as civic skills for active citizenship.
Prerequisite(s): Fulfillment of General Education Goals 2 and 3; 75 credit hours or permission of the Chair of the General Education Committee.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 13.
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History General Education Course *
Writing Intensive Course WR
Speaking Intensive Courses SP
American History Elective US
European History Elective EU
Non-Western History Elective NW
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HIST 100 - Foundations of Western Civilization
3 credits.
An introduction to the foundations of Western Civilization from the Dawn of Man through the Reformation, with an emphasis on the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural attributes that made this civilization unique. In the context of this course, students will come to understand the historical development of western civilization, relate the development of Western civilization to that of other regions of the world, and discuss how historical developments influence the present day.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 7.
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HIST 110 - Modern Western Civilization
3 credits.
A survey of the development of Modern Western Civilization from the Age of Absolutism to the present, with emphasis upon the political, economic, social, cultural, and intellectual attributes that have marked its rise to world-wide influence in the twentieth century.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 7.
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HIST 120 - World History to 1500
3 credits.
A survey of world history from prehistory to the end of the Medieval Era. The course is a thematic and chronological treatment of events and developments in the history of major world regions, with an emphasis on religious ideas, patterns of economic and cultural development, and cross-cultural interactions.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 9.
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HIST 130 - World History: 1500 to Present
3 credits.
World History: 1500 to the Present is a survey of world history from the end of the Medieval Era to the present. The course is a thematic and chronological treatment of events and developments in the history of states and major world regions, with an emphasis on state development, colonialism, industrialization and modernity, global conflicts and contemporary ideologies.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 9.
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HIST 200 - History of China
3 credits.
Chinese political, social, and cultural history from earliest times to the present, with an emphasis on the modern period. The course is divided into segments. The first is a fairly rapid survey of Chinese history to the early nineteenth century. The emphasis in this is on the dynasties and the culture of China. The second portion of the course covers modern China and deals with the arts and philosophy and more with the break-up of the Qing (Ching) dynasty, the domination of China by the Western powers, and the emergence of the communist state.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 9.
NW
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HIST 202 - History of Islamic Civilizations
3 credits.
This course surveys Islamic culture, from its origins in Arabia to its present role in the world today, including its diffusion to new regions such as Europe and North America. Attention will focus on the interplay of theological assumptions, social pressures, and cultural trends.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 9.
NW
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HIST 221 - United States History Colonial-1877
3 credits.
A survey of American life from the Colonial Era to 1877, with emphasis upon the political, cultural, diplomatic, and societal forces which have shaped its development.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 8.
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HIST 222 - United States History 1877-Modern Times
3 credits.
A survey of American life from 1877 to modern times, with emphasis upon the political, cultural, diplomatic, and societal forces which have shaped its development.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
*Fulfills General Education Goal 8.
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HIST 241 - Colonial Latin America
3 credits.
A survey of Latin American history from the pre-Columbian era through independence. Major themes include the evolution of the societies, economies, and religions of Native American peoples; the impact of Spanish and Portuguese conquests, settlement, government, trade and culture upon native civilizations; the influence of African population and culture; and the creole nature of the resulting society in the colonial period.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
NW
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HIST 242 - Modern Latin America
3 credits.
A survey of the history of Latin America since independence. Major themes include the emergence of national identities, the legacies of colonialism, industrialization, social movements and revolutionary change.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
NW
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HIST 250 - Historical Methods
3 credits.
This course is an introduction to the methods and practice of the study of history. Students will learn to understand how historians construct and write about the past and will be introduced to the history of the writing of history. Students will also learn to critically evaluate historical arguments and the material used to produce those arguments, to develop research skills, and to produce written work in accordance with disciplinary conventions.
Prerequisite(s): LSEM 100 or permission of instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
WR.
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HIST 300 - Teaching History and the Social Sciences in the Secondary School
3 credits.
A methods course designed to offer preparation for student teaching, this class focuses in depth on content required for the secondary school classroom in history, political science, and social studies. Other topics covered include instructional planning, assessment and evaluation, teaching techniques, classroom management, and school/community interaction. This course is open only to students seeking secondary school licensure.
Prerequisite(s): Admission to Teacher Preparation Program.
Corequisite(s): None.
SP.
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HIST 301 - American Colonial History
3 credits.
The English North American colonies from 1607 to 1783, with emphasis upon fundamental aspects of colonial development, the causes of the American Revolution, and the interpretation of the period.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 221 or permission of instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
SP.
US
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HIST 302 - The Early American Republic
3 credits.
The United States from the adoption of the Constitution of 1787 through the Mexican War. Political institutions and practice, economic growth, reform movements, and westward expansion are emphasized.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 221 or permission of instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 303 - Civil War and Reconstruction
3 credits.
The United States from the close of the Mexican War to the Com-promise of 1877. The constitutional, political, economic, social, and military aspects of the period are emphasized.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 221 or permission of instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 304 - The Emergence of Modern America
3 credits.
The United States from the Compromise of 1877 to the First World War. The Industrial Revolution and its consequences, the rise of the nation to world power, and the birth of modern reformism are emphasized.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 222 or permission of instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 305 - Modern America, 1914-1945
3 credits.
The course offers a study of the United States in the pivotal eras of the First and Second World Wars and the Great Depression.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 222 .
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 306 - Modern America, 1945-Present
3 credits.
The course offers a study of the United States from the end of World War II to the present. The main emphasis is on domestic affairs, such as the economy, social conditions, religion, politics, and intellectual life.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 222 .
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 307 - The Old South
3 credits.
The basic political, economic, social, and intellectual institutions, forces, and problems that collectively shaped the antebellum South.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 221 or permission of instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 308 - United States Diplomatic History
3 credits.
American foreign relations from the Revolutionary Era to the present with emphasis on the Twentieth Century.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 221 or HIST 222 or permission of instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 311 - Studies Abroad
3 credits.
Students conduct research in history under the direction of a faculty member.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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HIST 312 - Studies Abroad
3 credits.
Students conduct research in history under the direction of a faculty member.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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HIST 314 - Political History of Africa
3 credits. Crosslisted With: (POSC 314 )
A survey of the political landscape of African history. A major portion of the course examines the significance of precolonial kingdoms, assesses the growth of the “slave trade,” analyzes African intellectual history, and explores the “eve of colonialism” in Africa.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
NW
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HIST 316 - Public History
3 credits
This course provides students with an upper-division introduction to career opportunities in history outside of classroom teaching. The class provides students with necessary skills in genealogical research, historic preservation and the national register nomination process, the treatment of historic sites, grant writing techniques, and knowledge of national, state, and local historical professional associations. The development of computer skills in web page design and power point presentation is emphasized.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 221 and HIST 222 or permission of instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
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HIST 317 - Historic Editing and Preservation
3 credits
This course focuses on the evolution of architectural styles in the United States from the Colonial Era to present with emphasis on principal periods of development in American architecture, furniture, and interior design. Hands-on field work in preservation/restoration methods is included. This course also teaches the tools and techniques of historical editing. Emphasis is placed on operation of the latest computer equipment necessary to document editing and public presentation.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 221 and HIST 222 or permission of instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
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HIST 318 - Introduction to Museum Studies
3 credits.
An introduction to the field of museology, covering the history, philosophy, and ethics of the profession; various types of museums and different aspects of museum work; the museum’s role in the community; and the effects of philanthropy and government on museums. Designed primarily for those concentrating in public history.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 221 and HIST 222 or permission of the instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
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HIST 319 - Archival Management
3 credits.
An introduction to the archival profession, including the acquisition, accessioning, arrangement and description, preservation, and referencing of archival records.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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HIST 320 - African American History
3 credits.
A survey of the black experience in America from the Colonial Era to the present.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 321 - The History of Women in America
3 credits.
The changing role of women in American life from the Colonial era to the present, contrasting the ideology of women’s place in society with the reality of their lives. The Victorians, the fight for women’s suffrage, and the 20th-century liberation movement are emphasized.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 222 or permission of instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 322 - The American West
3 credits.
This course examines the American West as symbol and reality with emphasis placed on the historiography of study from the early frontier theories of Frederick Jackson Turner to the scholarship of the “New West.”
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 323 - American Military History
3 credits.
This course examines American Military History from the colonial era through the present-day, with an emphasis on the development of military institutions during the twentieth century. In addition to analyzing the major events and examining the major figures relating to the American military, it also emphasizes the evolution of military doctrine and theory, and examines the changing role of the military in American society.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 324 - American Indian History
3 credits.
A survey of American Indian peoples from pre-contact to present with emphasis on issues of sovereignty, land and politics.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
SP.
US
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HIST 330 - History of Central Asia and Afghanistan
3 credits.
The course examines the major political, social, and, economic changes that occurred in Afghanistan and Central Asia from the nineteenth century to the present.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
NW
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HIST 331 - Frontiers in the Early American Republic
3 credits.
The course explores the interactions among individuals, societies, and civilizations that shaped the history of the trans-Appalachian frontier and borderlands in the early American republic from 1783 to 1850. The course examines themes such as sources of Indian resistance, the contested boundaries of race and slavery, the meanings of liberty, the composition and purposes of families and communities, and the forces of disunion that threatened the nation.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
WR.
US
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HIST 336 - History of Japan
3 credits.
Japanese political and cultural history, with emphasis upon the modern period. The opening of Japan, the Meiji Restoration, modernization, the rise of militarism, the American occupation, and current issues are stressed.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
NW
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HIST 339 - Conflict in the Modern Middle East
3 credits.
This course traces the evolution of conflict in the modern Middle East with a focus on warfare, generational misunderstandings, religious compunctions, economic stress, gender issues, and resource competition.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
NW
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HIST 341 - East Africa: Pre-History to the Present
3 credits.
The course examines the history of East Africa, the geographic region south of the Saharan Desert and between the Indian Ocean and the Equatorial Rainforest. As East Africa is one of the “cradles of humanity,” the course will begin with an examination of the Stone Age and will continue through the political and social crises that have plagued the region in recent years. Other course themes include the Bantu and Nilotic migrations, the Iron Age, state formation, the slave trade, imperialism, and the anti-colonial struggles for independence.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
NW
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HIST 345 - Latin American Environmental History
3 credits.
This course examines changes in the landscape and in human perceptions of the natural world from the pre-Columbian era to the present in Latin America. Major themes for the pre-Columbian and colonial eras include critical resource management and the relationship between environment and culture. For the national era, emphasis will be placed on the causes of natural capital degradation and efforts to mitigate and eliminate degradation.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
SP.
NW
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HIST 346 - Gender and Sexuality in Latin American History
3 credits.
This course is an introduction to gender and sexuality in Latin American history from the pre-conquest period to the present. Emphasis will be on gender and power relations during major events and processes in Latin American history, including conquest, the development of colonial social and economic institutions, industrialization and globalization, Indigenous movements, state building, and revolution.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
WR
SP.
NW
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HIST 351 - Medieval Europe
3 credits.
A study of the political, economic, and social institutions, and the religious and intellectual developments in Medieval Europe.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
EU
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HIST 352 - Renaissance and Reformation
3 credits.
The social, cultural, religious, economic, and political forces that shaped Western Civilization from the High Middle Ages through the era of the religious wars (ca. 1300-1648).
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
EU
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HIST 354 - The French Revolution and Napoleon
3 credits.
A study of the origins and course of the French revolutionary era, with emphasis upon its profound political, economic, social, institutional, and intellectual significance.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
EU
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HIST 355 - Europe in the Nineteenth Century, 1815-1914
3 credits.
The political, economic, social, and cultural development of Europe from the Congress of Vienna to the eve of World War I.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
EU
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HIST 356 - Europe in the Twentieth Century, 1900 to the Present
3 credits.
The political, economic, social, and intellectual development of Europe in its world setting since the turn of the century.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
EU
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HIST 358 - France Since 1815
3 credits.
The history of major developments in French politics, culture, and society in the modern era.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
EU
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HIST 359 - Russian History to 1861
3 credits.
Russia from the Kievan period to 1861, with emphasis upon the modernization efforts of Peter the Great and Catherine the Great.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
EU
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HIST 360 - Russia Since 1861
3 credits.
Russia Since 1861. The course examines Russian history from teh emancipation of the peasantry to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the rise of the current Russian federation.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
EU
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HIST 362 - The Vietnam War
3 credits.
The course examines the origins of French colonialism in Indochina, the rise of nationalism in Vietnam, and the First Indochina War. The course then focuses on the role of the United States in Vietnam from World War II through the 1970s and the impact of the war on American society.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
NW
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HIST 363 - World War II
3 credits.
An examination of the causes, major events, and consequences of World War II, including the rise and fall of Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Imperial Japan, as well as the role of the United States and its allies in the conflict.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 364 - The American Revolutionary Era
3 credits.
The course examines the era of the American Revolution from the end of the French and Indian War through the ratification of the Constitution. It emphasizes the constitutional, political, economic, social, and military aspects of the period, with particular focus on the background and immediate causes of the Revolution, the conduct and consequences of the war, the Confederation period, and the adoption and ratification of the Constitution.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 365 - History and Philosophy of Science
3 credits. Crosslisted With: (PHIL 365 )
An examination of such issues as the logic of scientific reasoning and method, the distinction between science and pseudoscience, the analysis of central concepts in science, especially causality, law and explanation, and finally, the relation of science and values in our culture. Attention will be given to the development of a consistent point of view on these issues. Examples will be drawn from a broad range of sciences, both natural and social.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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HIST 366 - History of Ancient Greece
3 credits.
The evolution of Greek culture and political history from c. 2000 to 300 BCE. Emphasis will be on how written documents and material artifacts testify to the dynamics that both spurred on this culture and eventually brought about its collapse.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
EU
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HIST 370 - Virginia Studies
3 credits.
A survey of the development of Virginia’s government, economy, and society from colonial times to the present. The ways in which geography affected the Commonwealth’s demography, economy, and constitutional structures will be emphasized. The relationship between Virginians and national historical developments will also be explored. This course is specifically designed to meet licensure requirements for Liberal Studies majors, students in other majors interested in Virginia history should enroll in HIST 397 - Virginia History .
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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HIST 371 - Virginia in the Civil War
3 credits.
The course examines the role of Virginia in the American Civil War, 1861-1865. It emphasizes the political, economic, social, and military aspects of the period, with particular focus on the causes of the war, on military operations in Virginia and the role of Virginia troops and leaders, on the impact of the war on Virginia’s civilian population, and on the results and consequences of the war in the state. It will consist of lectures as well as visits to various Virginia battlefields.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
US
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HIST 373 - Early Modern England
3 credits.
The course examines the dynamics of English society from the sixteenth through the early eighteenth centuries. This course explores politics during the reigns of the Tudor, Stuart, and Hanoverian monarchs, as well as themes of religion and society, crime and social order, community and family, literate and oral cultural history, commerce and industrial transformation, and the impact of science on society. Trends in the historiography of the period will also be addressed.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
WR
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HIST 374 - Victorian England
3 credits.
This course will examine the complex and paradoxical society of Victorian Britain. The extreme contrasts between wealth and poverty, morality and cynicism, creativity and constriction, imperial grandeur and domestic squalor, and collectivity and individualism will be addressed. Victorians were committed to material and moral progress, industrial and commercial expansion, and world-wide free trade.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
WR.
EU
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HIST 375 - Modern Germany
3 credits.
The course examines German history from the wars of unification to the present. It will cover the political, economic, military, cultural, and social events that have defined Germany and the German people with a special emphasis on themes that have influenced the creation of present-day Germany and Germans - nationalism, militarism, authoritarianism, and democracy. The readings, discussions, and lectures will cover continuities and discontinuities in German history; Germany’s so-called “special path” to modernity; unification and rule under Bismarck; imperialism under Wilhelm II; the First and Second World Wars; the collapse of democracy in Weimar Germany; the rise of Hilter and the Nazi party; the nature and ideology of the Third Reich; the Holocaust and modernity; Stunde Null or “Zero Hour”; reconstruction, occupation, and memory; two Germanys guided by two emerging super powers; identity in the re-unified Germany; and Germany’s important role in the European Union and in defining Europe in the 21st century.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
EU.
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HIST 376 - Nazi Germany
3 credits.
This course examines the origins, nature and aftermath of the Nazi regime within the context of German and European history. It addresses political, international, social, economic, cultural, and intellectual aspects of the history of anti-Semitism in Germany and Europe; the ramifications of the Great War; the Weimar Republic and the rise of Nazism; the role of Hitler, German elites and the broader population in planning and carrying out legalized anti-Semitism and the Holocaust; the appeal of Nazism; the road to World War II; the timing and circumstances surrounding the decision to launch the Final Solution; modern and anti-modern elements of Nazi ideology; Hitler’s strategy and policy in World War II; German defeat and occupation; and the idea of “coming to terms with the past” in the aftermath.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
WR.
EU.
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HIST 377 - History of the Holocaust
3 credits.
The course examines the causes, major events, and consequences of the Nazi attempt to exterminate the Jewish population of Europe during the Second World War The class will consist of lectures, screening of documentary films, and visits to Holocaust museums in Washington, D.C. and Richmond. Offered during the summer.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
EU
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HIST 383 - International Study in Africa
3 credits.
This course will provide a short-term immersion in a contemporary culture that will complement historical study and analysis. May be repeated for credit when course topic changes. Offered during intersession or during the summer.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
May count as an elective but cannot fulfill core requirements of the major.
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HIST 384 - International Study in Europe
3 credits.
This course will provide a short-term immersion in a contemporary culture that will complement historical study and analysis. May be repeated for credit when course topic changes. Offered during intersession or during the summer.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
May count as an elective but cannot fulfill core requirements of the major.
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HIST 395 - Special Topics. Selected topics in History
3 credits.
The topics will vary from semester to semester. Descriptions will be available from academic advisor. May be repeated for credits when topics change.
Prerequisite(s): None.
Corequisite(s): None.
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HIST 397 - Virginia History
3 credits.
A survey of Virginia history from colonial times to present.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 221 and HIST 222 or permission of instructor.
Corequisite(s): None.
WR
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US
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